IDENTIFICATION HORSE

IDENTIFICATION MEANS:

1. Breed
2. Sex

3. Age

4. Fur layers

5. Review

6. geneology

7. Electronic system implant

8. Blood extraction

  

I will explain the most relevant

1. BREED: It is difficult to know how many horse breeds exist in the world, but the main are: 

 A. PURE ARABIAN BREED: 

B.ENGLISH THOROUGHBRED:

 

C. PURE SPANISH BREED: 

D. ANGLO-ARABIAN:

E. HISPANO-ARABIAN:

 2. AGE: It can be determined by animal teeth. We classify horses according to their age in:

• COLTS: to 3 years.
  

Teeth from birth to two weeks     Teeth to be one year old

• YOUNG: between 3 and 6 years old

• ADULT: between 7 and 17 years old

Teeth at seven years old         Teeth at nine yars old 

 EVOLUTION

 3. FUR LAYERS : Chronology is the study of color, layers, fur or hair. Horse layers are composed of hair and endpieces.

Endpieces are  important to identify layers.

It is used to refer to the color of the tips of the ears, mane, tail and the limbs between the knee and the hoof. 

On brown and bay layered  endpices are black and on sorrel layers  endpices are the same color as the rest of the body, although in some cases the mane and tail can be of a different hue. 

THE MAIN LAYERS ARE:  

•  BLACK: 

•  WHITE:

•  CHESNUT BROWN: with black tips or darker than the layer and with  different tones. It may or may not have white markings on the legs and face. The area around the eyes is brown or tan.
• Nut-Brown: 

•  Dark brown: 

• SORREL:  It may be clear, tan, copper, brown, or cherry. The mane and tail have a similar color, sometimes lighter and others darker. The nose and limbs are usually the same color.

• DAPPLED: at birth is usually gray or dark gray.  White is appears with age.The dappled layer is a mixture of white and black hair on dark skin.There are different shades. The mane and tail are usually white. They may have black or brown tips over the body.

• ISABELA:  is  light yellow. Manes and endpices are darker, getting closer to white.  

• BAY: this layer is quite variable. The bottom layer is a light reddish color, then a straw yellow color. Almost all have black endpices and usually a cord on the back that goes from the mane to tail. Sometimes the mane and tail are white. 

• ROANO:   It is a layer of three colors, red r, black and a mixture of black and white on the limbs. All these layers are bleached with age.

• PIED: It is a white layer and another with irregular spots . If white dominates, it is called "sorrel pied" or "brown pied".If the other layer predominantes,it  is called "pied brown ", "pied sorrel" ..

• PIEBALD:   not much is known about their origin. They may have different size, shape and color. Very typical in appaloosa.

4. REVIEWS: The marks or signs which serve to distinguish a horse from another, are called  review.

TYPES OF MARKS:

• In the head: the face can be a color or have white marks. 
• Stars: may be large, medium or  blurred.

•  Cords:  These marks are extended many times over the face to the nostrils and mouth, forming what are called "cords" These can also be between nostrils.

• White face: They have a very large part of the face white. This large stain can cover the forehead, the whole face and usually both eyes and nostrils. Often face white horses have blue or colorless eyes.

• Flesh tone spots:They are pink parts in the face hair due to lack of pigmentation . Commonly they are found  in the nose and lips.

• In the body:
• Mule line: A black line that runs from the mane to the tail.

• Saddle marks: white hair that is in the part of the cross or behind and  due to the pressure of the saddle.

• Scars: Normally there is no hair in them. All layers can be dotted with isolated small  white spots irregularly distributed  or have poorly defined  color edges.
• Hair swirls: It is the hair  twisting  around a point. The swirl looks like a small wheel, and it can be found in the head, neck, chest, sides and legs.

• Spearhead: It is a thumb tip size depression   which is usually in the neck and, it seems to be  a sign of quality.

• Rabicano: When the endpieces are black and the tail has several white hairs on the  thigh edge .

• In limbs: The white spots that mark the shoes legs  are called shoes .When they affect a single limb , they are called prior right  shoes , rear right shoes, etc. They partially  surround the crown   . It is a small well defined spot .

                                           Ex: Lunar left heel.   If ot does not exceed the Crown

• Shoe principle: if it does not exceed the pastern.
  
  
  
• Pages roads: 

• When it reaches above the fetlock, and can reach the knees.

•  Fire marks: artificailes marcks produced by man to identify the livestock and products: Iron Cattle, numbers, etc. Found on the thighs, buttocks and neck muscles

5.   ELECTRONIC SISTEM IMPLANT: Implemented under the mane left, a microchip allows the identification of the animal


6.   BLOOD EXTRACTION: For blood collection, the exact identification of the animal is performed by its genetic formula (DNA), unique to each individual.